John Owen on Why Sanctification is Misunderstood by Believers

I grabbed this quote from John Owen about our regeneration. Owen pointed out that we little understand our new nature, but how wonderful is the work the Holy Spirit has performed within us.

Believers themselves are often much unacquainted with it, either as to the apprehension of its true nature, causes, and effects, or at least as to their own interest in it. As we know not of ourselves the 'things that are wrought in us by the Spirit of God', so we seldom attend as we ought to his instruction of use in them. It may indeed seem strange, that as all believers are sanctified and made holy, they should not understand what is wrought and abides in them; but alas! How little do we know of ourselves, of what we are, and whence are our natural powers and faculties! How little do we know of these souls of ours? And what we do know , is by their operations. Is it strange then that we should be much in the dark as to this new nature, this new creature, which is from above, from God, and with which our natural reason has no acquaintance? It is new, is it wonderful, it is a work supernatural and is known only by supernatural revelation (p. 250, The Holy Spirit: It Gifts and Power

John Owen: Holiness Will Not Be Left Behind

John Owen in his book on the Holy Spirit was writing about how the Holy Spirit instills a new holy nature within us when Owen goes on to describe the rewards of holy endeavors. I thought this quote almost poetic.

We must also consider, that holiness is not confined to this life, but passes over into eternity and glory. Death has no power to destroy it or divest us of it. Its acts indeed are transient, but its fruits abide for ever in their reward. They who die in the Lord 'rest from their labours, and their works follow them' (Rev. 14:13). 'God is not unrighteous to forget their labour of love' (Heb. 6:10). There is not any fruit of holiness, not the least, not the giving 'a cup of cold water to a disciple of Christ, in the name of a disciple', but it shall be had in everlasting remembrance. Nothing shall be lost, but all fragments shall be gathered up, and kept safe for ever. Every thing else in this world, however specious, shall be burnt up and consumed as 'hay and stubble' when the least, the meanest, the most secret fruit of holiness, shall be gathered as 'gold and silver' into God's treasury, and become a part of the riches of the inheritance of the saints in glory. Let no soul fear the loss of any labour in the duties of holiness, in the most secret contest against sin, for inward purity, for outward fruitfulness, in the mortification of sin, resistance of temptations, in self-denial, or contentment; all that you know, and what you do not know, shall be revived, called over, and abide eternally in its reward.(p.250, The Holy Spirit: His Gifts and Power)

Christian Maturity -- Ephesians Style

until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ, (Ephesians 4:13, ESV)

The verse quoted above has to be explained a bit because I am quoting it out context. First, Paul is addressing the church as a body and the unity of the Church is Paul's main theme in Ephesians. O'Brien puts it this way in his commentary on Ephesians.

‘to the mature man’. This destination to which all believers are headed is understood as a corporate entity: it is not described in individual terms, but refers to the totality of believers as the body of Christ.

Mature man is an unusual term. Brooks Simpson pointed this out in his sermon a few weeks ago. We are corporately as a body growing into a mature man. Our unity is not an option; it is foreordained. O'Brien further explains what the term means.

The phrase ‘mature man’ is somewhat unusual since the term for an adult male or full grown man is used, rather than the generic word for man or human. The adjective has the sense of ‘mature’ (cf. Cor. 2:6, 14:20; Heb. 5:14) rather than ‘perfect’, and focusses on the mature adult person in contrast with the infants of v. 14.

Here are two quotes about the goal specified by Ephesians 4:13. We have an impossibly high standard to meet that needs to be realized step by step in the present age with the help of the Holy Spirit.

The church is already the fullness of Christ (1:23; cf. 4:10). There is thus a realized dimension to its existence. But the future element is still present: the apostle has prayed that the readers might be ‘filled up to all the fullness of God’ (3:19); now in the immediate context the goal to be reached is mature manhood, and this is defined by the fullness of Christ. The maturity of this growth is measured by nothing less than Christ’s full stature. ‘The glorified Christ provides the standard at which his people are to aim: the corporate Christ cannot be content to fall short of the perfection of the personal Christ.” (O’Brien, p. 308)

When the goal is ultimately reached, and the body of Christ has grown up sufficiently to match the Head Himself, then will be seen that full-grown Man which is Christ together with His members. That spectacle will not fully appear until the day when they are glorified together with Him; but the expectation of that day will act a powerful incentive to spiritual development in the present time. (F.F. Bruce).

Jonathan Edwards's Gospel Invitation

I would characterize this as "Jonathan Edward's Gospel Invitation" at the end of one of his more famous sermons. This is a little different from his "Sinners in the hands of an Angry God."

I invite you now to a better portion. There are better things provided for the sinful miserable children of men. There is a surer comfort and more durable peace: comfort that you may enjoy in a state of safety, and on a sure foundation: a peace and rest that you may enjoy with reason, and with your eyes open. You may have all your sins forgiven, your greatest and most aggravated transgressions blotted out as a cloud, and buried as in the depths of the sea, that they may never be found more. And being not only forgiven, but accepted to favor, you become the objects of God’s complacence and delight. Being taken into God’s family and made his children, you may have good evidence that your names were written on the heart of Christ before the world was made, and that you have an interest in that covenant of grace that is well ordered in all things and sure, wherein is promised no less than life and immortality, an inheritance incorruptible and undefiled, a crown of glory that fades not away. Being in such circumstances, nothing shall be able to prevent your being happy to all eternity, having for the foundation of your hope that love of God which is from eternity to eternity, and his promise and oath, and his omnipotent power: things infinitely firmer than mountains of brass. The mountains shall depart, and the hills be removed, yea, the heavens shall vanish away like smoke, and the earth shall wax old like a garment, yet these things will never be abolished. In such a state as this you will have a foundation of peace and rest through all changes, and in times of the greatest uproar and outward calamity be defended from all storms, and dwell above the floods, Psa. 32:6, 7. And you shall be at peace with everything, and God will make all his creatures throughout all parts of his dominion, to befriend you, Job 5:19-24. You need not be afraid of anything that your enemies can do unto you, Psa. 3:5, 6. Those things that now are most terrible to you, viz. death, judgment, and eternity, will then be most comfortable, the most sweet and pleasant objects of your contemplation. At least there will be reason that they should be so. Hearken therefore to the friendly counsel that is given you this day. Turn your feet into the way of peace, forsake the foolish and live, forsake those things which are no other than the devil’s baits, and seek after this excellent peace and rest of Jesus Christ: that peace of God which passeth all understanding. Taste and see: never was any disappointed that made a trial. Pro. 24:13, 14. You will not only find those spiritual comforts that Christ offers you to be of a surpassing sweetness for the present, but they will be to your soul as the dawning light that shines more and more to the perfect day. The issue of all will be your arrival in heaven, that land of rest, those regions of everlasting joy, where your peace and happiness will be perfect, without the least mixture of trouble or affliction, and never be interrupted nor have an end. (From the sermon The Peace Which Christ Gives His True Followers by Jonathan Edwards)

Ephesians 4: Ministries of the Word

In his commentary in Ephesians, O'Brien reflects on Ephesians 4:12 and the ministries of the word: apostles, prophets, evangelists, and shepherd/pastors.

In line with this salvation-historical dimension, Ephesians 4 indicates that the exalted Messiah gives ministries of the word to equip God’s people for work in his service so as to build his body. This constructing has both an extensive and an intensive dimension to it. Growth in size is implied in the mention of the gifts of apostles and evangelists (v. 11), while the introduction of the body metaphor implies the notion of development of the church as an organism from within, by means of its own God-given life. Although the expression may be built up has sometimes been interpreted individualistically, this is inappropriate, since it regularly has a corporate dimension in the apostle’s teaching, and this clearly its significance in the present context. (O’Brien, p.135).

The ministers of the Word feed us scripture in order that we may minister to one another in the Word so that we as a whole body may grow into Christ.

Shepherds/Pastors are Christ's Gift to the Church

I am still studying Ephesians 4. One thing that struck me about the following passage is our pastors are a gift to the church.

Therefore it says,
“When he ascended on high he led a host of captives,
and he gave gifts to men.”

(In saying, “He ascended,” what does it mean but that he had also descended into the lower regions, the earth? He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.) And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, (Ephesians 4:8-12, ESV)

Here's a couple of observations. O'Brien in his commentary writes about the phrase he might fill all things.

He [Christ] fills the universe through the exercise of his lordship over everything. This entails his functioning as the powerful ruler over the principalities (Ephesians 1:21), and giving grace and strength to his people (4:13, 15-16), through whom he fulfils his purposes.

Christ manifests his wisdom and authority to all the principalities in heaven and on earth through helping the church grow into maturity. Christ does this by giving us the gift of gifted ministers: apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastor and teachers. Christ specifically chose and gifted men to minister to us so that we as a body can grow into maturity in Him. These ministers are ministers of the Word. They are not here to make us feel better or entertain us, but to explain "the faith" to us. They are to help us to understand the gospel in its entirety and help us to apply it to our lives. Have you thanked your elders/pastors/shepherds today? Have you prayed for your leaders to today? Have you thanked Christ for his gift of your leaders today?

Ephesians 4:15 "Speaking the Truth in Love"

John Piper in a sermon on October 25, 1992 comments on the phrase in Ephesians 4:15: speaking the truth in love.

Let me clear up a wrong idea here that I had for years about this phrase because I ignored the context. I used to think that the phrase, "speak the truth in love," meant, "Tell it like it is, but gently." Like: if a student bombed a test or if a man loses his job, you may have to do the tough work of telling them the truth, but you do it in love to soften the blow. So the truth which is in view here, I thought, was just the hard facts of life that a person might need to hear about in love. Well, that is no doubt part of the meaning here (especially in view of Ephesians 4:25) but the context points in a different direction, that is very crucial to see for the good of the church. The context is all about doctrinal truth—truth about God and about his Son. Notice three evidences of this.
The Context is all about Doctrinal Truth

First, the equippers of the saints in verse 11 are all truth agents: apostles (the authoritative, foundational witnesses to the truth), the prophets (the charismatic speakers of truth that apply it with supernaturally guided pointedness), the evangelists (who do the work of evangelism with the truth of the gospel in regions where apostles have planted the church), the pastors and teachers (who take the truth and use it to feed and protect the flock of God). Every one of these offices centers on the truth of God and Christ and the gospel. These people are truth agents.

Second, verse 13 says that the goal of building up the body of Christ is to attain to the unity of the faith and the knowledge of the Son of God. So the building begins with equippers who are all agents of truth, and the aim of the building is unified knowledge, that is, unified grasp of truth.

Third, we have seen that verse 14 shows Paul's great concern is that as we grow into corporate Christlikeness, we are not to be babes who are blown around by every wind of doctrine. So again the issue is stability in true doctrine so that we will not be deceived by false doctrine.

O'Brien's commentary points out the same idea.

... the apostle is not exhorting his readers to truthfulness in general or speaking honestly with one another, however appropriate or important this may be. Rather, he wants all of them to be members of a 'confessing ' church, with the content of their testimony to be 'the word of truth', the gospel of their salvation (1:13). This truth, which is guaranteed by God and is depicted as part of his own armour, is the belt which believers are to buckle around their waist as they resist the onslaughts of the evil one (6:14).

As Christians witness to the truth of the gospel they cannot use the same methods as the false teachers or the tempter whose activity lies behind them. (O'Brien, The Letter to the Ephesians" p. 311)

I have posted this quote before from Mike Cosper about "speaking the truth in love."

Speaking the truth in love” is often understood as saying hard things or dealing with conflict: we “speak the truth in love” when we confront sin or say unpopular things lovingly. According to Peterson, though, “speaking the truth in love” is not so much about interpersonal boldness as it is about a community that shares a confession, a unified expression of faith in the God who saved them. The gathered body teaches the Word and proclaims it together; we speak the truth I love as we sing, read the Scriptures, and remember the gospel together. (Rhythms of Grace, Mike Cosper, p. 80).

Although exhortation is a key tool for building up the church, Paul is concentrating in Ephesians about doctrinal truth. We are to celebrate the truth of the gospel through our preaching, worship, and love. The path to maturity that Paul is describing is in steadfastness to the truth and love. It is not emotional maturity, although that is important, it is not what Paul is stressing in Ephesians.

Ephesians 4:6 -- God's Sovereignty and The Church's Unity

I have been studying Ephesians 4. Paul is stressing the unity of the Church since the death of Christ unified the Gentiles and the Jews into one body. Paul describes God the Father in Ephesians 4:6 --

one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all. (Ephesians 4:6, ESV)

Peter O'Brien in his commentary on Ephesians makes the following observations:

God’s universal sovereignty and presence are set forth as the climactic ground for the unity of the Spirit that believers are to maintain. His universal rule is being exercised to fulfill his ultimate purpose on unifying all things in Christ. The unity of the church is the means by which the manifold wisdom of God is being displayed to the universe. The church is the eschatological outpost, the pilot project of God’s purposes, and his people are the expression of this unity that displays to the universe his final goal. (O’Brien, p. 285-286)

God the Father is using the unity of the Church, made possible by the death and resurrection of His Son and is enabled by the indwelling Holy Spirit, to display His manifold wisdom to the universe. We all have a vital role in the church to pursue unity.

What the Bible says we should do when we worship together.

I have been reading Mike Cosper's book Rhythms of Grace.. Cosper writes about what we should do when we worship both singly and in community. He has good insight on how should we should understand Ephesians 4:15:

Rather, speaking the truth in love, we are to grow up in every way into him who is the head, into Christ

Cosper notes that "Speaking the truth in love" ia commonly misunderstood.

“Speaking the truth in love” is often understood as saying hard things or dealing with conflict: we “speak the truth in love” when we confront sin or say unpopular things lovingly. According to Peterson, though, “speaking the truth in love” is not so much about interpersonal boldness as it is about a community that shares a confession, a unified expression of faith in the God who saved them. The gathered body teaches the Word and proclaims it together; we speak the truth in love as we sing, read the Scriptures, and remember the gospel together.” (Rhythms of Grace, Mike Cosper, p. 80).

Mike Cosper writes about the Greek word for Church: "Ekklesia."

We gather because we have work to do—to remember the gospel and hold fast to our confession. The Greek word for the gathered church offers some insight into how the apostles saw their gatherings. Though the language offered a variety of options for words to describe the gathering church, the authors of the new Testament chose ἐκκλησία. According the scholar Larry Hurtado, it was an odd choice. “In its historic Greek usage, ekklesia designated the gathering of citizens of a city to conduct civic business. Such events always had a religious character and would be commenced with offerings to the gods, but the ekklesia was not precisely a gathering to conduct worship.” We gather because we have work to do. ἐκκλησία emphasizes the work of the people. We gather to do our work, which is to say, we gather to remember, to encourage, and to spur one another on.